In September 2015, 193 United Nations Member States unanimously adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The third sustainable development goal (SDG 3) commits the global community to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages with a target to end the epidemics of AIDS and tuberculosis and to combat hepatitis and other communicable diseases by 2030. SDG 5 commits United Nations Member States to gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls, with specific targets to: end harmful practices, such as child marriage and female genital mutilation; ensure access to sexual and reproductive health; and attain equal rights to economic resources, including property. The 2030 Agenda’s commitment to reach those furthest behind first must acknowledge the intersecting vulnerabilities women and girls face, including women and girls living with HIV and those who belong to HIV key populations – transgender women, female and transgender sex workers, women who use drugs and women in prison.