The Transnational Threats Department/Action against Terrorism Unit (TNTD/ATU) and Gender Section in the OSCE Secretariat, together with the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR), organized two expert roundtables on women and terrorist radicalization, held in Vienna respectively on 12 December 2011 and 12-13 March 2012. The purpose of the meetings was to enhance understanding of women terrorist radicalization and women’s roles in preventing and countering violent extremism and radicalization that lead to terrorism (VERLT). They resulted in the formulation of recommendations for actions to be taken by OSCE participating States and civil society as well as suggestions for possible followup activities by OSCE executive structures, within their respective mandate. The first roundtable discussed the dynamics behind women terrorist radicalization and ways to prevent it in a gender-sensitive and human rights-compliant manner. The second event focused on good practices and lessons learnt from women’s initiatives to prevent VERLT, highlighting the potential human rights and gender concerns that may arise in this context. The two roundtables brought together over 190 participants from civil society, academia, state authorities and intergovernmental organizations, with expertise in security, gender and human rights. This report presents the key findings and recommendations brought forward during these events.