Around the world, women human rights defenders (WHRDs) face a variety of threats as a direct result of their human rights-related work and because of changes in the context in which they do their work. As human rights defenders, they face the same types of risks faced by all human rights defenders; as women, they are also exposed to or targeted for gender-based violence and gender-specific risks. The pressures on, and threats to WHRDs are widely recognized and many rights groups have developed strategies and plans of action to provide support and solidarity as a result. However, the lack of systemized knowledge about the array of urgent responses used to support WHRDs may have a significant impact on the effectiveness and viability of response efforts. To help address this situation, the Association for Women’s Rights in Development (AWID) in collaboration with the Women Human Rights Defenders International Coalition (WHRD IC) and its working group on Urgent Appeals Monitoring Mechanism for Women Human Rights Defenders at Risk sponsored this research. Reflecting the diversity of responses available for WHRDs, the research focused on a broad range of human rights organizations operating at different levels— international, regional and national—as well as groups with differing thematic priorities, including those working on women’s rights, human rights, and sexual orientation.